BIOPAJDUR
Results and conclusions
USAMVB Timişoara

The study of the questionnaire for the evaluation of the agricultural potential, the applied technologies, as well as the evolution trend of the natural resources from the target area was realized on a group of 193 individuals:

• 61 from Vârciorova;
• 67 from Grădinari;
• 60 from Beba Veche;
• 5 from Brebul Nou.

• The size of the owned surfaces vary as follows: 20 persons have under 2 ha; 29 persons have properties between 2 and 6 ha; 1 person has a property between 5 and 10 ha; 0 persons have properties over 10 ha;
• On exploitation categories, the owners' land has the following structure: all those being questioned own under 25% cultivated field; all those being questioned own over 75% pasturelands; 15 of those being questioned own under 25% forest and a single person has between 25% and 50% forest;
• The mowing of the hay fields starts when the plants' height is 50-60 cm;
• The number of mowing sessions varies with each year's weather, all those being questioned harvesting the hay once or twice a year;

The experimental area is characterized by:

• The productive, mesofile pasturelands, same as Pordeanu permanent pastureland from Beba Veche, have a good fodder value and they are established on plain fields, on fertile soils, mesobase-eubase type, medium provided with cu phosphorus and potassium;
• Gradinari community is situated in the western part of Caras-Severin district at the frontier with Serbia.
• The area is in the frame of Oravita Valley, which represents the most southern low landscape unit, being a hilly and plain region centered on the Caras river flow course.
• The vegetation on Vârciorova's territory splits with the altitude in four floors: the forest-steppe floor (the low area of the locality which contains the agricultural field and the community shared pastureland); the falling leaves forest's floor (which contains a part of the community shared pastureland, the falling leaves forest and the pine forest), the sub alpine floor (fir-trees forest), the alpine pasturelands' floor (containing stony areas and small bushes);
• The main soil types from Semenic Mountain are: brown acid soils from the cambic soil's class specific for the fir-trees mixed with falling leaves trees forest, determined by the chilly humid clime during all year;

The study of the biodiversity showed that:

• All four pasturelands have most of the species represented by plants from other botanical families;
• In what concerns the ecological factor for temperature, for all studied surfaces, the amphi-thermal species have the biggest covering ratio;
• All four pasturelands are dominated, as covering of the surface, by the xerophyte-xeromesophyte species;
• Regarding the ecological factor for the soil reaction, the pasturelands from Brebu Nou and Beba Veche are dominated, as covering of the surface, by the eurioic species, as long as the pasturelands from Vârciorova and Gradinari are dominated by the acid-neutral loving species;
• The biodiversity factor (Shannon-Weaver) is typical for a high diversity at Gradinari pastureland, as long as the other three have an average biodiversity;
• At all the studied pasturelands, the dominance factor (Shannon-Weaver) shows that the vegetation is made of numerous species with similar population numbers;
• The smallest pastoral value and therefore the smallest pasturing capacity was calculated for Vârciorova pastureland, and the biggest values were obtained for the Gradinari and Beba Veche pasturelands.