B. Georgescu


USE OF LUMBRICIDES SPECIES AS BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION WITH METALODISRUPTERS

B. Georgescu, Carmen Georgescu, S. Dărăban

Abstract
Based upon the ecological and trophic features of lumbricides, it is demonstrated in studies performed worldwide that these animal species may represent preferential organisms for the process of bioaccumulation of heavy metals. Environmental pollutants such as cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Co), zinc (Zn), selenium (Se) and mercury (Hg) were identified in the body of lumbricides using sensitive methods as for example atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS). Several tisular biomarkers of exposure to heavy metals have been characterized in lumbricides. Of these, methoxyrheorufin-O-deethylase (MROD), NADH and NADPH cytochrome-reductases, glutathione-S-transferase (GST), cytochrome P-450, catalase (CAT), glutatione-reductase (GR), acethylcholinesterase (AchE), lipide peroxidase (LP), the total glutathione concentration (GSH) and the percent of oxidizied gluthatione (% GSSG) deserve to be mentioned. These biomarkers are sensitive to exposure to metalodisrupters. These observations, evidenced in the majority of lumbricide species studied, may justify the use of lumbricides in environmental quality monitoring with respect to heavy metals pollution.

Key words: earthworm, soil, pollutant, enzyme, endocrine disruptors


UTILIZAREA LUMBRICIDELOR CA INDICATORI BIOLOGICI AI POLUĂRII MEDIULUI CU METALODISRUPTORI

B. Georgescu, Carmen Georgescu, S. Dărăban

Rezumat
Studii efectuate în diverse regiuni ale lumii au demonstrat ca, prin natura particularitatilor ecologice si trofice ce le caracterizeaza, lumbricidele constituie medii predilecte de bioconcentrare a metalodisruptorilor. Poluanti ai mediului cum ar fi cadmiul (Cd), plumbul (Pb), manganul (Mn), cobaltul (Co), nichelul (Ni), cuprul (Cu), zincul (Zn), seleniul (Se) si mercurul (Hg) au fost identificati în organismul lumbricidelor prin diferite metode de cuantificare cum ar fi spectrometria în absorbtie atomica (AAS) si plasma cuplata inductiv-spectrometria de masa (ICP-MS). În tesuturile lumbricidelor s-au evidentiat, de asemenea, numerosi biomarkeri ai expunerii la metale grele cum ar fi metoxireorufin-O-deetilaza (MROD), NADH si NADPH citocrom-reductaza, glutation-S-transferaza (GST), citocromul P-450, catalaza (CAT), glutation-reductaza (GR), acetilcolinesteraza (AChE), lipid peroxidaza (LP), concentratia totala de glutation (GSH) si procentul de glutation oxidat (% GSSG), sensibili în cazul expunerilor la acesti poluanti. Aceaste observatii, relevate în cazul majoritatii speciilor luate în studiu, justifica utilizarea lumbricidelor în monitorizarea calitatii mediului din perspectiva poluarii cu metale grele.

Cuvinte cheie: lumbricide, sol, poluant, enzime, disruptori endocrini