THE EFFECTS OF CARBON TETRACHLORIDE (CCl₄) IN INDUCING OSTEOPOROSIS TO WHITE RATS (RATTUS NORVEGICUS) JUDGING FROM THE MUSCOSKELETAL TISSUE DAMAGE

Yasmi Purnamasari Kuntana, Roostita Balia, Yuli Astuti Hidayat

Abstract
    Osteoporosis is one of the degenerative diseases which is a disease due to a decrease in the structure and function of the tissue or organ. The cause of osteoporosis is a disturbance in bone metabolism by various factors including environmental factors like the presence of xenobiotic toxic agents. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) is one of the toxic agents and can cause oxidative stess condition, pass through the cell membrane and distributed to all organs cause damage to cell death (apoptosis). This study aims to prove that the CCl₄ induced osteoporosis seen from musculoskeletal tissue damage. The study was carried out experimentally in the laboratory with a completely randomized design (CRD) factorial pattern using white rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar male aged 2-3 months weighing 180-200 totaled 35. The mice were randomized into six treatment groups with 5 replicates,K (control) of olive oildose of 1.4 ml/g body weight (BW) rats; P1 (CCl₄ dose of 0.8 ml/g BW rats); P2 (CCl₄ dose of 1.1 ml/g BW rats); P3 (CCl₄ dose of 1.4 ml/g BW rats); P4 (CCl₄ dose of 1.7 ml/g BW rats) and P5 (CCl₄ dose of 2 ml/g BW rats). The treatments given every other day for one weekvia intramuscular injections. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan test. Test results showed that the administration of P3 (CCl₄ dose of 1.4 mL / gr BW rats) very significantly (P >99%) cause atrophy of muscle tissue, muscle fibers decrease indiameter (43.08 μm), a decrease in diameter cartilage (17.78 μm) and bone tissue collagen (2.77 μm). The conclusion CCl₄ is prove to induce osteoporosis seen from musculoskeletal tissue damage rats (R. norvegicus) Wistar male.

Key words: CCl₄, osteoporosis, white rats (Rattus norvegicus), musculoskeletal tissue