Abstract
The genetic diversity found in domestic breeds allows farmers to develop new characteristics in response to changes in the environment, the appearance of diseases, or of modifications in market conditions. Microsatellite markers are more likely than other methods to be used in order to detect small differences between populations due to their high levels of allelic variation, due to their capacity to differentiate between overall heterozygosity and the mean number of alleles. Genetic characterization of Romanian Black Spotted population was made using eleven microsatellites: TGLA227, BM2113, TGLA53, ETH10, SPS115, TGLA126, TGLA122, INRA23, ETH3, ETH225, and BM1824. They were chosen based upon the polymorphism detected in other breeds. The observed heterozygosity was 0.664 and the expected heterozygosity 0.749. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was tested and for TGLA53 locus we observed a significant deviation. The study of eritrocitary antigenic configuration is mainly used for establishing the animal identity and genetic characterization. The interpretation of electrophoresis graphs had detected two categories of individuals: homozygous for genes TfD and heterozygous TfA/TfD have been identified on seric transferring locus. The two genetic categories are genetically determined by the presence, at the Haemoglobin locus, of two categories of genes, HbA and HbB.
